Vapor-burner



' (No Model.)

J. F. CHURCH.

VAPOR BURNER.

No. 253,003. Patented Jan. 31,1882.

WWW/I4 'i ////IN s 5'||| g a H gTNESSijj/ 6 4 mvm wen W fiwwm fl/ WATTORNEY .NITED Srnras ATENT Fries.

JOHN FRANK CHURCH, OF ALBION, MICHIGAN.

VAPOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 253,003, dated January31, 1882.

Application filed September 17, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J. FRANK OHUnoH, of Albion, county of Galhoun, Stateof ll Iichigan,

have invented a new. and useful Improvement in Vapor-Burners; and Ideclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of thesame, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertainsto make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification.

My invention consists in the combinations of devices and applianceshereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a vapor-burner embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of my device. Fig. 3 isa top view of the distributing cap or plate.

It is the object of my invention to make a burner which shall be moreparticularly adapted for lighting purposesvand capable of producing amuch larger and more brilliant flame than heretofore.

To this end A is a pipe leading from the reservoir. B is a hand-valve,by which the flow of hydrocarbon and consequently the size of the flameis regulated. O is a chamber, and D an inner central chambercommunicating with the pipe A. E is a distributing-cap located at thetop of the inner ch amber, D, which is diminished at this point, so asto furnish a small orifice for the discharge of the hydrocarbon into thechamber (J. This distributing cap or plate consists of a thick metaldisk having in its under side a central recess, the inner portion ofwhich is conical and has a small opening through from its apex to thetop ofthe plate. Below the base of the conical portion the recess iscylindrical and screw-threaded, in orderthat the cap may be screwed uponthe top of the correspondinglythreaded tube D. The distributing-cap ispreferably grooved radially upon its upper surface, so as to distributethe fluid uniformly upon all sides so long as it is flowing.

The device is shown without a needle-valve, though one is represented indotted lines, which may be employed, if desired, to increase or diminishthe size of the orifice E. I prefer generally not to employ it, thoughit may be used;

(No model.)

but the hand-valve B is generally ample to regulate the flame. A cap, 0,is preferably screwed upon the upper end of the chamber 0 in closeproximity to the jet E. It facilitates the cleaning of the chambers incase they become deranged by sediment or scale, 850. c c are theburning-jets. Thelength of the chambers maybe greater or less, asdesired, dependent on the light required being greater or less.

The operation of the device is as follows: Hydrocarbon entering thechambers through the valve B soon emerges from the burning jets c, whereit. is lighted. The heat upon the surface of the chamber 0 soon convertsthe liquid within it to the form of vapor, which is sues from and isburned at thejets c. As the heat becomes more intense the inner chamber,D, becomes likewise heated, so that the liquid within it is likewisevaporized, andissues from it through the jet E into the outer chamber,

0, which now serves the part of a superheater,

which serves more or less to convert the vapor into a fixed gas. WVhenthus in full operation the size of the flame can be regulated by thequantity of hydrocarbon admitted through the valve B.

It is well known that many vapor-burners burn with pulsating action, dueto the fact that the sudden expansion of the liquid into vapor reactsupon the liquid and starts it back into the reservoir. It then againadvances, furnishes another fresh supply of liquid to the hot parts, andthe vapor generated again forces it back, thus creating regularpulsations which are very disagreeable. My device overcomes thisdifficulty. because the inner chamber, D, not being liable to suddenchanges in its temperature, does not of itself give rise to thesepulsations. In the outer chamber, 0, however, any sudden change has toact through the diminished orifice E, and then upon the contents of theinner chamber, D, before it can exert its energy upon the liquid. It isthen so far expended that it can have but little effect in forcing theliquid back. If it does so act in a slight degree, the liquid on itsreturn has in like manner to exert its impulse first upon the vapor inthe chamber D, and then through the orifice E and the vapor in the outerchamber,

C, before it can afiect the flame. In practice these pulsations are thuseffectually overcome.

I have found this burner to yield a Very large and brilliant flame, andit possesses the advantages of being exceedingly simple and very easy tooperate. The jet of vapor at E impinges directly against the cap-plate,so as to break it up and distribute the vapor more uniformly throughoutthe chamber 0. Therefore What I claim is- 1; A vapor-burner consistingof a hollow crown perforated with burning-jets, an inner central tube,one end of which is connected with theliquid-conduit, the other providedwith a diminished orifice leading into the hollow crown, and adistributing-plate provided with a central aperture and fixed upon thetop of said central tube, substantially as described. 2. Thecombination, with the outer chamher, 0, inner chamber, D, and thedistributingplate E, having the central orifice, of the removable cap 0,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

JOHN FRANK CHURCH. Witnesses:

JOEL LABERTEAUX, R. BRANSON.

